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In the paper, we present a cross-layer perspective on data transmission inenergy harvesting cognitive radio networks (CRNs). The delay optimal powerallocation is studied while taking into account the randomness of harvestedenergy, data generation, channel state and the grid price. To guarantee primaryuser (PU)'s transmission, its Signal-Interference-Ratio (SIR) should be no lessthan a threshold. Each user, including PU as well as secondary user (SU), hasenergy harvesting devices, and the PU can also purchases the grid power. Eachuser is rational and selfish to minimize its own the buffer delay. We formulatea stochastic Stackelberg game in a bilevel manner. After decoupling viarewriting the objective and constraints, an equivalent tractable reconstructionis derived. First, we give a distributive algorithm to obtain the Nashequilibrium (NE) of the lower level SUs' noncooperative stochastic game.Thereafter, the stochastic Stackelberg game is discussed under thecircumstances that there is no information exchange between PU and SU.Distributed iterative algorithms are designed. Furthermore, a distributiveonline algorithm is proposed. Finally, simulations are carried out to verifythe correctness and demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed algorithms.

Spectrum sharing in energy harvesting cognitive radio networks: A cross-layer perspective