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Earth's inner core exhibits an unusually high Poisson's ratio and noticeableelastic anisotropy. The mechanisms responsible for these features are criticalfor understanding the evolution of the Earth but remain unclear. This studyindicates that once the correct formula for the shear modulus is used, shearsoftening can simultaneously explain the high Poisson's ratio and stronganisotropy of the inner core. Body-centred-cubic (bcc) iron shows shearinstability at the pressures found in the inner-core and can be dynamicallystabilized by temperature and light elements. It is very likely that somecombinations of light elements stabilize the bcc iron alloy under inner-coreconditions. Such a bcc phase would exhibit significant shear softening andmatch the geophysical constraints of the inner core. Identifying which lightelements and what concentrations of these elements stabilize the bcc phase willprovide critical information on the light elements of the inner core.

Shear softening of Earth's inner core indicated by its high Poisson's ratio and elastic anisotropy