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Optimized light-matter coupling in semiconductor nanostructures is a key tounderstand their optical properties and can be enabled by advanced fabricationtechniques. Using in-situ electron beam lithography combined with alow-temperature cathodoluminescence imaging, we deterministically fabricatemicrolenses above selected InAs quantum dots (QDs) achieving their efficientcoupling to the external light field. This enables to perform four-wave mixingmicro-spectroscopy of single QD excitons, revealing the exciton population andcoherence dynamics. We infer the temperature dependence of the dephasing inorder to address the impact of phonons on the decoherence of confined excitons.The loss of the coherence over the first picoseconds is associated with theemission of a phonon wave packet, also governing the phonon background inphotoluminescence (PL) spectra. Using theory based on the independent bosonmodel, we consistently explain the initial coherence decay, the zero-phononline fraction, and the lineshape of the phonon-assisted PL using realisticquantum dot geometries.

Impact of phonons on dephasing of individual excitons in deterministic quantum dot microlenses