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Flat-panel cone-beam CT (CBCT) has been applied clinically in a number ofhigh-resolution applications. Increasing geometric magnification canpotentially improve resolution, but also increases blur due to an extendedx-ray focal-spot. We present a shift-variant focal-spot blur model andincorporate it into a model-based iterative-reconstruction algorithm. We applythis algorithm to simulation and CBCT test-bench data. In a trabecular bonesimulation study, we find traditional reconstruction approaches without a blurmodel exhibit shift-variant resolution properties that depend greatly on theacquisition protocol (e.g. short vs. full scans) and the anode angles of therays used to reconstruct a particular region. For physical CBCT experimentsfocal spot blur was characterized and a spatial resolution phantom was scannedand reconstructed. In both experiments image quality using the shift-variantmodel was significantly improved over approaches that modeled no blur or only ashift-invariant blur, suggesting a potential means to overcome traditional CBCTspatial resolution and system design limitations.

Modeling shift-variant X-ray focal spot blur for high-resolution flat-panel cone-beam CT