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The alkali-adsorbed graphene nanoribbons exhibit the feature-rich electronicand magnetic properties. From the first-principles calculations, there are onlyfew adatom-dominated conduction bands, and the other conduction and valencebands are caused by carbon atoms. A lot of free electrons are revealed in theoccupied alkali- and carbon-dependent conduction bands. Energy bands aresensitive to the concentration, distribution and kind of adatom and the edgestructure, while the total linear free carrier density only relies on the firstone. These mainly arise from a single $s-2p_z$ orbital hybridization in theadatom-carbon bond. Specifically, zigzag systems can present theanti-ferromagnetic ordering across two edges, ferromagnetic ordering along oneedge and non-magnetism, being reflected in the edge-localized energy bands withor without spin splitting. The diverse energy dispersions contribute manyspecial peaks in density of states. The critical chemical bonding and thedistinct spin configuration could be verified from the experimentalmeasurements.

Alkali-induced rich properties in graphene nanoribbons: Chemical bonding