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Many crystals in nature exhibit fascinating mechanical, optical, magnetic andother characteristics. One of the reasons for this phenomenon has to do withthe presence of specific organic molecules that are tightly associated with themineral. Over the years, some organic crystals have been found to be locatedwithin the lattices of their singlecrystalline biogenic hosts. A number ofquestions remain unanswered: for example, how do these molecules becomeincorporated and what is their function? In this review we survey the gradualrefinement of the above mentioned finding in biogenic crystals, with the objectof tracing the acquisition of our fundamental knowledge in this field duringthe last 50 years. We highlight the progress made in understanding the functionand significance of this intracrystalline organic matter, from the earliestobservations of this phenomenon in a biological system to the highly promisingrecent achievements in bio-inspired material synthesis, where intracrystallinemolecules have been used in many studies to synthesize numerous syntheticnanohybrid composites with fascinating new properties.

Intracrystalline inclusions within single crystalline hosts: from biomineralization to bio-inspired crystal growth