English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The 911 emergency service belongs to one of the 16 critical infrastructuresectors in the United States. Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attackslaunched from a mobile phone botnet pose a significant threat to theavailability of this vital service. In this paper we show how attackers canexploit the cellular network protocols in order to launch an anonymized DDoSattack on 911. The current FCC regulations require that all emergency calls beimmediately routed regardless of the caller's identifiers (e.g., IMSI andIMEI). A rootkit placed within the baseband firmware of a mobile phone can maskand randomize all cellular identifiers, causing the device to have no genuineidentification within the cellular network. Such anonymized phones can issuerepeated emergency calls that cannot be blocked by the network or the emergencycall centers, technically or legally. We explore the 911 infrastructure anddiscuss why it is susceptible to this kind of attack. We then implementdifferent forms of the attack and test our implementation on a small cellularnetwork. Finally, we simulate and analyze anonymous attacks on a model ofcurrent 911 infrastructure in order to measure the severity of their impact. Wefound that with less than 6K bots (or $100K hardware), attackers can blockemergency services in an entire state (e.g., North Carolina) for days. Webelieve that this paper will assist the respective organizations, lawmakers,and security professionals in understanding the scope of this issue in order toprevent possible 911-DDoS attacks in the future.

9-1-1 DDoS: Threat, Analysis and Mitigation