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Streptococcus mutans cells form robust biofilms on human teeth and arestrongly related to caries incidents. Hence, understanding the adhesion of S.mutans in the human oral cavity is of major interest for preventive dentistry.In this study, we report on AFM-based single cell force spectroscopymeasurements of S. mutans cells to hydroxyapatite surfaces. We observe asignificant increase of adhesion strength if S. mutans cells were exposed tohuman saliva before adhesion. In contrast, Staphylococcus carnosus cells arealmost unaffected by the pre-treatment. Our results demonstrate that S. mutanscells are well-adapted to their natural environment, the oral cavity. Thisability promotes the biofilm-forming capability of that species and hence theproduction of caries-provoking acids. In consequence, understanding thefundamentals of this mechanism may pave a way towards more effectivecaries-reducing techniques.

Enhanced Adhesion of S. Mutans to Hydroxyapatite after Inoculation in Saliva