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Using numerical simulations, we study the dynamical evolution of particlesinteracting via competing long-range repulsion and short-range attraction intwo dimensions. The particles are compressed using a time-dependent quasi-onedimensional trough potential that controls the local density, causing thesystem to undergo a series of structural phase transitions from a low densityclump lattice to stripes, voids, and a high density uniform state. Thecompression proceeds via slow elastic motion that is interrupted withavalanche-like bursts of activity as the system collapses to progressivelyhigher densities via plastic rearrangements. The plastic events vary inmagnitude from small rearrangements of particles, including the formation ofquadrupole-like defects, to large-scale vorticity and structural phasetransitions. In the dense uniform phase, the system compresses through rowreduction transitions mediated by a disorder-order process. We characterize therearrangement events by measuring changes in the potential energy, the fractionof sixfold coordinated particles, the local density, and the velocitydistribution. At high confinements, we find power law scaling of the velocitydistribution during row reduction transitions. We observe hysteresis under areversal of the compression when relatively few plastic rearrangements occur.The decompressing system exhibits distinct phase morphologies, and the phasetransitions occur at lower compression forces as the system expands compared towhen it is compressed.

Structural Transitions and Hysteresis in Clump- and Stripe-Forming Systems Under Dynamic Compression