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Partonic matter produced in the early stage of ultrarelativisticnucleus-nucleus collisions is assumed to be composed mainly of gluons, andquarks and antiquarks are produced at later times. The comparable hydrodynamicsimulations of heavy-ion collisions for (2+1)-flavor and Yang-Mills equationsof state performed by using three different hydrodynamic codes are presented.Assuming slow chemical equilibration of quarks, the spectra and elliptic flowsof thermal dileptons and photons are calculated for central Pb+Pb collisions atthe LHC energy of $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 2.76$ TeV. It is shown that asuppression of quarks at early times leads to a significant reduction of theyield of the thermal dileptons, but only to a rather modest suppression of the$p_T$-distribution of direct photons. It is demonstrated that an enhancement ofphoton and dilepton elliptic flows might serve as a promising signature of thepure-glue initial state. Calculations based on Bjorken hydrodynamics suggestthat collisions of small systems at intermediate energies available at RHIC orfuture FAIR facilities may show stronger effects associated with initial puregluodynamic evolution.

Hydrodynamic modeling of a pure-glue initial scenario in high-energy hadron and heavy-ion collisions