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Data center operators are typically faced with three significant problemswhen running their data centers, i.e., rising electricity bills, growing carbonfootprints and unexpected power outages. To mitigate these issues, running datacenters in microgrids is a good choice since microgrids can enhance the energyefficiency, sustainability and reliability of electrical services. Thus, inthis paper, we investigate the problem of energy management for multiple datacenter microgrids. Specifically, we intend to minimize the long-termoperational cost of data center microgrids by taking into account theuncertainties in electricity prices, renewable outputs and data centerworkloads. We first formulate a stochastic programming problem with theconsiderations of many factors, e.g., providing heterogeneous service delayguarantees for batch workloads, interactive workload allocation, batch workloadshedding, electricity buying/selling, battery charging/discharging efficiency,and the ramping constraints of backup generators. Then, we design a realtimeand distributed algorithm for the formulated problem based on Lyapunovoptimization technique and a variant of alternating direction method ofmultipliers (ADMM). Moreover, the performance guarantees provided by theproposed algorithm are analyzed. Extensive simulation results indicate theeffectiveness of the proposed algorithm in operational cost reduction for datacenter microgrids.

Distributed Real-Time Energy Management in Data Center Microgrids