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Network architecture forms a critical constraint on neuronal function. Herewe examine the role of structural autapses, when a neuron synapses onto itself,in driving network-wide bursting behavior. Using a simple spiking model ofneuronal activity, we study how autaptic connections affect activity patterns,and evaluate if neuronal degree or controllability are significant factors thataffect changes in bursting from these autaptic connections. We observed thatadding increasing numbers of autaptic connections to excitatory neuronsincreased the number of spiking events in the network and the number ofnetwork-wide bursts, particularly in the portion of the phase space in whichexcitatory synapses were stronger contributors to bursting behavior thaninhibitory synapses. In comparison, autaptic connections to excitatory neuronswith high average controllability led to higher burst frequencies than addingthe same number of self-looping connections to neurons with high modalcontrollability. The number of autaptic connections required to induce burstingbehavior could be lowered by selectively adding autapses to high degreeexcitatory neurons. These results suggest a role of autaptic connections incontrolling network-wide bursts in diverse cortical and subcortical regions ofmammalian brain. Moreover, they open up new avenues for the study of dynamicneurophysiological correlates of structural controllability.

Autaptic Connections Shift Network Excitability and Bursting