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The unrelenting increase in the population of mobile users and their trafficdemands drive cellular network operators to densify their networkinfrastructure. Network densification shrinks the footprint of base stations(BSs) and reduces the number of users associated with each BS, leading to animproved spatial frequency reuse and spectral efficiency, and thus, highernetwork capacity. However, the densification gain come at the expense of higherhandover rates and network control overhead. Hence, users mobility can diminishor even nullifies the foreseen densification gain. In this context, splittingthe control plane (C-plane) and user plane (U-plane) is proposed as a potentialsolution to harvest densification gain with reduced cost in terms of handoverrate and network control overhead. In this article, we use stochastic geometryto develop a tractable mobility-aware model for a two-tier downlink cellularnetwork with ultra-dense small cells and C-plane/U-plane split architecture.The developed model is then used to quantify the effect of mobility on theforeseen densification gain with and without C-plane/U-plane split. To thisend, we shed light on the handover problem in dense cellular environments, showscenarios where the network fails to support certain mobility profiles, andobtain network design insights.

Mobility-Aware Modeling and Analysis of Dense Cellular Networks with C-plane/U-plane Split Architecture