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We investigate optical (transverse gradient) forces between two high-indexdielectric planar waveguides immersed in low-index dielectric fluid media.Complimentary to previous studies, we extend optical forces calculations, inorder to take into account a non-vacuum (and non-air) background medium, byusing the Minkowski stress tensor formulation; we derived a very simple set ofequations in terms of the effective refractive indexes of the waveguideeigenmodes. We also used a normalized version of the dispersion relation methodto calculate the optical forces, in order to validate our results for differentdielectric fluid media. Excellent agreement between the two methods wasobtained for all analyzed cases. We show that, due to slot-waveguide effect,the TM modes are more sensitive to changes in the fluid refractive index thanthe TE ones. Furthermore, the repulsive optical force of the antisymmetric TM1mode becomes stronger for higher refractive indexes, whereas the attractiveforce of the symmetric TM0 mode becomes weaker. The methodology and resultspresented in this work provide a rigorous analysis of nano-optomechanicaldevices actuated by optical forces in a broader range of materials andapplications.

Analytical solutions for optical forces between two dielectric planar waveguides immersed in dielectric fluid media