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We hypothesized that rhythmic motor acts entrain neural oscillations inspeech production brain regions. We tested this hypothesis in an experimentwhere a subject produced consonant-vowel (CV) syllables in a rhythmic fashion,while we performed ECoG recordings. Over the ventral sensorimotor cortex (vSMC)we detected significant concentration of phase across trials at the specificfrequency of speech production. We also observed amplitude modulations. Inaddition we found significant coupling between the phase of brain oscillationsat the frequency of speech production and their amplitude in the high-gammarange (i.e., phase-amplitude coupling, PAC). Furthermore, we saw that brainoscillations at the frequency of speech production organized as traveling waves(TWs), synchronized to the rhythm of speech production. It has beenhypothesized that PAC is a mechanism to allow low-frequency oscillations tosynchronize with high-frequency neural activity so that spiking occurs atbehaviorally relevant times. If this hypothesis is true, when PAC coexists withTWs, we expect a specific organization of PAC curves. We observed thisorganization experimentally and verified that the peaks of high-gammaoscillations, and therefore spiking, occur at the same times across electrodes.Importantly, we observed that these spiking times were synchronized with therhythm of speech production. To our knowledge, this is the first report ofmotor actions organizing (a) the phase coherence of low-frequency brainoscillations, (b) the coupling between the phase of these oscillations and theamplitude of high-frequency oscillations, and (c) TW. It is also the firstdemonstration that TWs induce an organization of PAC so that spiking acrossspatial locations is synchronized to behaviorally relevant times.

Entrainment of traveling waves to rhythmic motor acts