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We investigate how well we can constrain the mass of light gravitino m_3/2 byusing future observations of 21 cm line fluctuations such as Square KilometreArray (SKA) and Omniscope. Models with light gravitino with the mass m_3/2 <O(10) eV are quite interesting because they are free from the cosmologicalgravitino problem and consistent with many baryogenesis/leptogenesis scenarios.We evaluate expected constraints on the mass of light gravitino from theobservations of 21 cm line, and show that the observations are quite useful toprove the mass. If the gravitino mass is m_3/2 = 1 eV, we found expected 1sigma errors on m_3/2 are sigma(m_3/2) = 0.25 eV (SKA phase 1), 0.16 eV (SKAphase 2) and 0.067 eV (Omniscope) in combination with Planck + Simons Array +DESI (BAO) + H_0. Additionally, we also discuss detectability of the effectivenumber of neutrino species by varying the effective number of neutrino speciesfor light gravitino N_3/2 and constraints on the mass of light gravitino in thepresence of massive neutrinos. We show that 21 cm line observations can detectthe nonzero value of N_3/2, and allow us to distinguish the effects of thelight gravitino from those of massive neutrino.

Constraining light gravitino mass with 21 cm line observation