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Data centers traffic is composed by numerous latency-sensitive "mice" flows,which is consisted of only several packets, and a few throughput-sensitive"elephant" flows, which occupy more than 80% of overall load. Generally, theshort-lived "mice" flows induce transient congestion and the long-lived"elephant" flows cause persistent congestion. The network congestion is a majorperformance inhibitor. Conventionally, the hop-by-hop and end-to-end flowcontrol mechanisms are employed to relief transient and persistent congestion,respectively. However, in face of the mixture of elephants and mice, we findthe hybrid congestion control scheme including hop-by-hop and end-to-end flowcontrol mechanisms suffers from serious performance impairments. As a stepfurther, our in-depth analysis reveals that the hybrid scheme performs poor atlatency of mice and throughput of elephant. Motivated by this understanding, weargue for isolating mice and elephants in different queues, such that thehop-by-hop and end-to-end flow control mechanisms are independently imposed toshort-lived and long-lived flows, respectively. Our solution isreadily-deployable and compatible with current commodity network devices andcan leverage various congestion control mechanisms. Extensive simulations showthat our proposal of isolation can simultaneously improve the latency of miceby at least 30% and the link utilization to almost 100%.

Isolating Mice and Elephant in Data Centers