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One the major factors determining the development and evolution ofatmospheric convection is the sea surface temperature and its variability.Results of this thesis show that state of atmospheric convection impacts thediurnal distribution of thermal energy in the upper ocean. Under calm and clearsky conditions a shallow warm layer of several meters depth develops on thesurface of the ocean. This warm layer drives an anomalous flux from the oceanto the atmosphere. A novel Kelvin wave trajectory database based on satellitedata is introduced in this study. The investigation of its data shows thatsubstantial fraction of Kelvin waves is initiated as a result of interactionwith another Kelvin wave. Two distinct categories are defined and analyzed: thetwo- and multiple Kelvin wave initiations, and a spin off initiation. Resultsshow that primary forcing of such waves are high diurnal cycle and/or increasedwind speed and latent heat flux at the ocean surface. Variability of the oceansurface and subsurface along Kelvin wave trajectories over Indian Ocean isinvestigated: wind speed and latent heat flux increase and a sea surfacetemperature anomaly decreases during a wave passage. It is also shown thatKelvin waves are longitude-diurnal cycle phase locked over the MaritimeContinent. This cycle phase locking is such that it agrees with mean, localdiurnal cycle of convection in the atmosphere. The strength of thelongitude-diurnal cycle phase locking differs between non-blocked Kelvin waves,which make successful transition over the Maritime Continent, and blocked wavesthat terminate within it. The distance between the islands of Sumatra andBorneo agrees with the distance travelled by an average Kelvin wave in one day.This suggests that the Maritime Continent may act as a filter, favoringsuccessful propagation waves, which are in phase with the local diurnal cycleof convection.

Air-sea interaction in tropical atmosphere: influence of ocean mixing on atmospheric processes