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The Rabin cryptosystem has been proposed protect the unique ID (UID) inradio-frequency identification tags. The Rabin cryptosystem is a type oflightweight public key system that is theoretetically quite secure; however itis vulnerable to several side-channel attacks. In this paper, a crashingmodulus attack is presented as a new fault attack on modular squaring duringRabin encryption. This attack requires only one fault in the public key if itsperturbed public key can be factored. Our simulation results indicate that theattack is more than 50\% successful with several faults in practical time. Acomplicated situation arises when reconstrucing the message, including the UID,from ciphertext, i.e., the message and the perturbed public key are notrelatively prime. We present a complete and mathematically rigorous messagereconstruction algorithm for such a case. Moreover, we propose an exact formulato obtain a number of candidate messages. We show that the number is notgenerally equal to a power of two.

Crashing Modulus Attack on Modular Squaring for Rabin Cryptosystem