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Advancements in our understanding of exoplanetary atmospheres, from massivegas giants down to rocky worlds, depend on the constructive challenges betweenobservations and models. We are now on a clear trajectory for improvements inexoplanet observations that will revolutionize our ability to characterize theatmospheric structure, composition, and circulation of these worlds. Theseimprovements stem from significant investments in new missions and facilities,such as JWST and the several planned ground-based extremely large telescopes.However, while exoplanet science currently has a wide range of sophisticatedmodels that can be applied to the tide of forthcoming observations, thetrajectory for preparing these models for the upcoming observational challengesis unclear. Thus, our ability to maximize the insights gained from the nextgeneration of observatories is not certain. In many cases, uncertainties in apath towards model advancement stems from insufficiencies in the laboratorydata that serve as critical inputs to atmospheric physical and chemical tools.We outline a number of areas where laboratory or ab initio investigations couldfill critical gaps in our ability to model exoplanet atmospheric opacities,clouds, and chemistry. Specifically highlighted are needs for: (1) molecularopacity linelists with parameters for a diversity of broadening gases, (2)extended databases for collision-induced absorption and dimer opacities, (3)high spectral resolution opacity data for relevant molecular species, (4)laboratory studies of haze and condensate formation and optical properties, (5)significantly expanded databases of chemical reaction rates, and (6)measurements of gas photo-absorption cross sections at high temperatures. Wehope that by meeting these needs, we can make the next two decades of exoplanetscience as productive and insightful as the previous two decades. (abr)

The Need for Laboratory Work to Aid in The Understanding of Exoplanetary Atmospheres