English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Recent epidemiological evidences indicate that arsenic exposure increasesrisk of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and microangiopathies inaddition to the serious global health concern related to its carcinogeniceffects. In experiments on animals, acute and chronic exposure to arsenicdirectly correlates cardiac tachyarrhythmia, and atherogenesis in aconcentration and duration dependent manner. Moreover, the other effects oflong-term arsenic exposure include induction of non-insulin dependent diabetesby mechanisms yet to be understood. On the other hand, there are controversialissues, gaps in knowledge, and future research priorities of acceleratedincidences of CVD and mortalities in patients with HIV who are under long-termanti-retroviral therapy (ART). Although, both HIV infection itself and variouscomponents of ART initiate significant pathological alterations in themyocardium and the vasculature, simultaneous environmental exposure to arsenicwhich is more convincingly being recognized as a facilitator of HIV viralcycling in the infected immune cells, may contribute an additional layer ofadversity in these patients. In this mini-review which have been fortified withour own preliminary data, we will discuss some of the key current understatingof chronic arsenic exposure, and its possible impact on the accelerated HIV/ARTinduced CVD. The review will conclude with notes on recent developments inmathematical modeling in this field that probabilistically forecast incidenceprevalence as functions of aging and life style parameters, most of which varywith time themselves; this interdisciplinary approach provides a complementarykernel to conventional biology.

HIV, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Chronic Arsenic Exposure co-exist in a Positive Synergy