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Solid particles floating at a liquid interface exhibit a long-rangedattraction mediated by surface tension. In the absence of bulk elasticity, thisis the dominant lateral interaction of mechanical origin. Here we show that ananalogous long-range interaction occurs between adjacent droplets on solidsubstrates, which crucially relies on a combination of capillarity and bulkelasticity. We experimentally observe the interaction between droplets on softgels and provide a theoretical framework that quantitatively predicts themigration velocity of the droplets. Remarkably, we find that while on thicksubstrates the interaction is purely attractive and leads to drop-dropcoalescence, for relatively thin substrates a short-range repulsion occurswhich prevents the two drops from coming into direct contact. This versatile,new interaction is the liquid-on-solid analogue of the "Cheerios effect". Theeffect will strongly influence the condensation and coarsening of drop softpolymer films, and has potential implications for colloidal assembly and inmechanobiology.

Inverted Cheerios effect: Liquid drops attract or repel by elasto-capillarity