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An increasing number of real-time applications with compute and/orcommunication deadlines are being supported on shared infrastructure. Suchapplications can often tolerate occasional deadline violations withoutsubstantially impacting their Quality of Service (QoS). A fundamental problemin such systems is deciding how to allocate shared resources so as to meetapplications' QoS requirements. A simple framework to address this problem isto, (1) dynamically prioritize users as a possibly complex function of theirdeficits (difference of achieved vs required QoS), and (2) allocate resourcesso to expedite users with higher priority. This paper focuses on a generalclass of systems using such priority-based resource allocation. We firstcharacterize the set of feasible QoS requirements and show the optimality ofmax weight-like prioritization. We then consider simple weighted LargestDeficit First (w-LDF) prioritization policies, where users with higher weightedQoS deficits are given higher priority. The paper gives an inner bound for thefeasible set under w-LDF policies, and, under an additional monotonicityassumption, characterizes its geometry leading to a sufficient condition foroptimality. Additional insights on the efficiency ratio of w-LDF policies, theoptimality of hierarchical-LDF and characterization of clustering of failuresare also discussed.

Efficiency and Optimality of Largest Deficit First Prioritization: Resource Allocation for Real-Time Applications