English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Precision calorimetry using highly granular sampling calorimeters is beingdeveloped based on the particle flow concept within the CALICE collaboration.One design option of a hadron calorimeter is based on silicon photomultipliers(SiPMs) to detect photons generated in plastic scintillator tiles. Driven bythe need of automated mass assembly of around ten million channels stringentlyrequired by the high granularity, we developed a design of scintillator tilesdirectly coupled with surface-mounted SiPMs. A cavity is created in the centerof the bottom surface of each tile to provide enough room for the whole SiPMpackage and to improve collection of the light produced by incident particlespenetrating the tile at different positions. The cavity design has beenoptimized using a GEANT4-based full simulation model to achieve a high responseto a Minimum Ionizing Particles (MIP) and also good spatial uniformity. Thesingle-MIP response for scintillator tiles with an optimized cavity design hasbeen measured using cosmic rays, which shows that a SiPM with a sensitive areaof only $\mathbf{1\times1~mm^2}$ (Hamamatsu MPPC S12571-025P) reaches a meanresponse of more than 23 photon equivalents with a dynamic range of many tensof MIPs. A recent uniformity measurement for the same tile design is performedby scanning the tile area using focused electrons from a $\mathbf{^{90}Sr}$source, which shows that around 97% (80%) of the tile area is within 90% (95%)response uniformity. This optimized design is well beyond the requirements fora precision hadron calorimeter.

A Design of Scintillator Tiles Read Out by Surface-Mounted SiPMs for a Future Hadron Calorimeter