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We present the lattice QCD studies for baryon-baryon interactions for thefirst time with (almost) physical quark masses. $N_f = 2+1$ gaugeconfigurations are generated with the Iwasaki gauge action andnonperturbatively $O(a)$-improved Wilson quark action with stout smearing onthe lattice of $(96 a)^4 \simeq (8.2 {\rm fm})^4$ with $a \simeq 0.085$ fm,where $m_\pi \simeq 146$ MeV and $m_K \simeq 525$ MeV. Baryon forces arecalculated from Nambu-Bethe-Salpeter (NBS) correlation functions using thetime-dependent HAL QCD method. In this report, we first give the generaloverview of the theoretical frameworks essential to the physical pointcalculation of baryon forces. We then present the numerical results for thetwo-nucleon central and tensor forces in $^3S_1$-$^3D_1$ coupled channel andthe central force in $^1S_0$ channel. In particular, a clear signal is obtainedfor the tensor force.

First results of baryon interactions from lattice QCD with physical masses (1) -- General overview and two-nucleon forces --