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GJ 3470b is a warm Neptune-size planet transiting a M dwarf star. Like thehandful of other small exoplanets for which transmission spectroscopy has beenobtained, GJ 3470b exhibits a flat spectrum in the near- and mid-infrared.Recently, a tentative detection of Rayleigh scattering in its atmosphere hasbeen reported. This signal manifests itself as an observed increase of theplanetary radius as a function of decreasing wavelength in the visible. We setout to verify this detection and observed several transits of this planet withthe LCOGT network and the Kuiper telescope in four different bands (Sloan g',Sloan i', Harris B and Harris V). Our analysis reveals a strong Rayleighscattering slope, thus confirming previous results. This makes GJ 3470b thesmallest known exoplanet with a detection of Rayleigh scattering. We find thatthe most plausible scenario is a hydrogen/helium-dominated atmosphere coveredby clouds which obscure absorption features in the infrared and hazes whichgive rise to scattering in the visible. Our results demonstrate the feasibilityof exoplanet atmospheric characterization from the ground, even withmeter-class telescopes.

Rayleigh Scattering in the Atmosphere of the Warm Exo-Neptune GJ 3470b