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Motivated by recent experiments showing over $10^4$-fold increase in inducedpolarization from electrochemically inert, conducting materials in dilutesaline solutions, we theoretically demonstrate a new mechanism for dielectricenhancement, in the absence of $\zeta-$potentials at interfaces betweennon-insulating particles and an electrolyte solution. We further show that themagnitude of such enhancement obeys universal scaling laws, independent of theparticle's electrical properties and valid across particle shapes: for a dilutesuspension of identical, but arbitrarily shaped particles of a linear dimension$a$ and volume fraction $f$, as $\omega\to0$ the effective real dielectricconstant of the mixture is enhanced from that of water by a factor$1+f~(P_r+(a/\lambda)P_i)$, and the frequency-dependent phase shift of itsimpedance has a scale-invariant maximum $f\,\mathsf{\Theta}$ if particles aremuch more conductive than the solution. Here $\lambda$ is the solution's Debyelength and $P_r$, $P_i$, $\mathsf{\Theta}$ are dimensionless numbers determinedsolely by the particles' shape. Even for a very dilute electrolyte solution(e.g. $10^{-3}$ molar), sub-mm sized particles, at volume fraction $f=0.1$, cangive a $10^4$-fold dielectric enhancement, producing an easily observable phaseshift maximum in a simple impedance measurement.We also derive frequencycutoffs as conditions for observing these enhancements, showing that insulatingparticles produce no enhancement without $\zeta$-potential.To prove theseresults for particles of arbitrary shapes, we develop a physical picture wherean externally induced double layer (EIDL), in contrast to the Guoy-Chapmandouble layer on interfaces with significant $\zeta$-potentials, dominates thelow-frequency dynamics and produces dielectric enhancement.

Universal Dielectric Enhancement from Externally Induced Double Layer Without $\zeta$-Potential