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The upper critical field ($H_{c2}$) in superconductingBaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_2$ single crystals has been determined bymagnetotransport measurements down to 0.6 K over the whole superconducting domewith $0.065 \leqslant x \leqslant 0.22$, both for the inter-plane ($H \parallelc$, $H_{c2}^{c}$) and in-plane ($H \parallel ab$, $H_{c2}^{ab}$) fielddirections in static magnetic fields up to 16 T and pulsed magnetic fields upto 60 T. The temperature dependence of $H_{c2}^{ab}$ follows theWerthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg (WHH) model incorporating orbital and spinparamagnetic effects, while $H_{c2}^{c}(T)$ can only be described by theeffective two-band model with unbalanced diffusivity. The anisotropy of theupper critical fields, $\gamma (T)=H_{c2}^{ab}/H_{c2}^{c}$ monotonicallyincreases with increasing temperature for all dopings, and its zero-temperaturelimit, $\gamma (0)$, has an asymmetric doping dependence with a significantenhancement in the overdoped regime, where the optimally doped compound has themost isotropic superconductivity. Our results suggest that the anisotropy inthe superconductivity of iron pnictides is determined by the topology of theFermi surfaces together with the doping-induced impurity scattering.

Electron-doping dependence of the anisotropic superconductivity in BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_2$