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We summarize the design, capabilities, and some of the priority science goalsof a next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA). The ngVLA is an interferometricarray with 10x larger effective collecting area and 10x higher spatialresolution than the current VLA and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA),optimized for operation in the wavelength range 0.3cm to 3cm. The ngVLA opens anew window on the Universe through ultra-sensitive imaging of thermal line andcontinuum emission down to milliarcecond resolution, as well as unprecedentedbroad band continuum polarimetric imaging of non-thermal processes. Thecontinuum resolution will reach 9mas at 1cm, with a brightness temperaturesensitivity of 6K in 1 hour. For spectral lines, the array at 1" resolutionwill reach 0.3K surface brightness sensitivity at 1cm and 10 km/s spectralresolution in 1 hour. These capabilities are the only means with which toanswer a broad range of critical scientific questions in modern astronomy,including direct imaging of planet formation in the terrestrial-zone, studiesof dust-obscured star formation and the cosmic baryon cycle down to pc-scalesout to the Virgo cluster, making a cosmic census of the molecular gas whichfuels star formation back to first light and cosmic reionization, and noveltechniques for exploring temporal phenomena from milliseconds to years. ThengVLA is optimized for observations at wavelengths between the superbperformance of ALMA at submm wavelengths, and the future SKA1 at few centimeterand longer wavelengths. This memo introduces the project. The sciencecapabilities are outlined in a parallel series of white papers. We emphasizethat this initial set of science goals are simply a starting point for theproject. We invite comment on these programs, as well as new ideas, through ourpublic forum link on the ngVLA web page https://science.nrao.edu/futures/ngvla

Next Generation Very Large Array Memo No. 5: Science Working Groups -- Project Overview