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The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor has become one of the majorworldwide threats for apiculture. Varroa destructor attacks the honey bee Apismellifera weakening its host by sucking hemolymph. However, the damage to beecolonies is not strictly related to the parasitic action of the mite but itderives, above all, from its action as vector increasing the trasmission ofmany viral diseases such as acute paralysis (ABPV) and deformed wing viruses(DWV), that are considered among the main causes of CCD (Colony CollapseDisorder). In this work we discuss an SI model that describes how the presenceof the mite affects the epidemiology of these viruses on adult bees. Wecharacterize the system behavior, establishing that ultimately either onlyhealthy bees survive, or the disease becomes endemic and mites are wiped out.Another dangerous alternative is the Varroa invasion scenario with theextinction of healthy bees. The final possible configuration is the coexistenceequilibrium in which honey bees share their infected hive with mites. Theanalysis is in line with some observed facts in natural honey bee colonies.Namely, these diseases are endemic. Further, if the mite population is present,necessarily the viral infection occurs. The findings of this study indicatethat a low horizontal transmission rate of the virus among honey bees inbeehives will help in protecting bee colonies from Varroa infestation and viralepidemics.

Viral epidemiology of the adult Apis Mellifera infested by the Varroa destructor mite