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In this paper the neutrino emission processes being supposed to be the mainsources of energy loss in the stellar core in the later stages of stellarevolution are reviewed. All the calculations are carried out in the frameworkof electro-weak theory based on the Standard Model. It is considered that theneutrino has a little mass, which is very much consistent with thephenomenological evidences and presupposes a minimal extension of the StandardModel. All three neutrinos (i.e., electron neutrino, muon neutrino and tauneutrino) are taken into account in the calculations. It is evident that thestrong magnetic field, present in the degenerate stellar objects such asneutron stars, has remarkable influence on some neutrino emission processes.The intensity of such magnetic field is very close to the critical value($H_{c}=4.414\times 10^{13}$ G) and sometimes exceeds it. In this paper theregion of dominance of different neutrino emission processes in absence ofmagnetic field is picturized. The region of importance of the neutrino emissionprocesses in presence of a strong magnetic field is indicated by a picture. Thestudy reveals the significant contributions of some neutrino emissionprocesses, both in absence and in presence of a strong magnetic field in thelater stages of stellar evolution.

A review of the neutrino emission processes in the late stages of the stellar evolutions