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With the rapid growth of mobile traffic demand, a promising approach torelieve cellular network congestion is to offload users' traffic to small-cellnetworks. In this paper, we investigate how the mobile users (MUs) caneffectively offload traffic by taking advantage of the capability ofdual-connectivity, which enables an MU to simultaneously communicate with amacro base station (BS) and a small-cell access point (AP) via tworadio-interfaces. Offloading traffic to the AP usually reduces the MUs' mobiledata cost, but often at the expense of suffering increased interferences fromother MUs at the same AP. We thus formulate an optimization problem thatjointly determines each MU's traffic schedule (between the BS and AP) and powercontrol (between two radio-interfaces). The system objective is to minimize allMUs' total cost, while satisfying each MU's transmit-power constraints throughproper interference control. In spite of the non-convexity of the problem, wedesign both a centralized algorithm and a distributed algorithm to solve thejoint optimization problem. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithmscan achieve the close-to-optimum results comparing with the ones achieved bythe LINGO (a commercial optimization software), but with significantly lesscomputational complexity. The results also show that the proposed adaptiveoffloading can significantly reduce the MUs' cost, i.e., save more than 75% ofthe cost without offloading traffic and 65% of the cost with a fixedoffloading.

Joint Scheduling and Power Allocations for Traffic Offloading via Dual-Connectivity