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In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the spatialdimensions of residential segregation, such as the spatial arrangement ofsegregated neighborhoods and the geographic scale or relative size ofsegregated areas. However, the methods used to measure segregation do notincorporate features of the built environment, such as the road connectivitybetween locations or the physical barriers that divide groups. This articleintroduces the Spatial Proximity and Connectivity (SPC) method for measuringand analyzing segregation. The SPC method addresses the limitations of currentapproaches by taking into account how the physical structure of the builtenvironment affects the proximity and connectivity of locations. In thisarticle, I describe the method and its application for studying segregation andspatial inequality more broadly. I demonstrate one such application-analyzingthe impact of physical barriers on residential segregation-with a stylizedexample and an empirical analysis of racial segregation in Pittsburgh, PA. TheSPC method contributes to scholarship on residential segregation by capturingthe effect of an important yet understudied mechanism of segregation-theconnectivity, or physical barriers, between locations-on the level and spatialpattern of segregation, and enables further consideration of the role of thebuilt environment in segregation processes.

The Spatial Proximity and Connectivity (SPC) Method for Measuring and Analyzing Residential Segregation