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We study the motion of small inertial particles in stratified turbulence. Wederive a simplified model, valid within the Boussinesq approximation, for thedynamics of small particles in presence of a mean linear density profile. Bymeans of extensive direct numerical simulations, we investigate the statisticaldistribution of particles as a function of the two dimensionless parameters ofthe problem. We find that vertical confinement of particles is mainly ruled bythe degree of stratification, with a weak dependency on the particleproperties. Conversely, small scale fractal clustering, typical of inertialparticles in turbulence, depends on the particle relaxation time and is almostindependent on the flow stratification. The implications of our findings forthe formation of thin phytoplankton layers are discussed.

Large-scale confinement and small-scale clustering of floating particles in stratified turbulence