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Since the seventies, several reconstruction techniques have been proposed,and are currently used, to extrapolate and quantify eruptive parameters fromsampled deposit datasets. Discrete numbers of tephra ground loadings orstratigraphic records are usually processed to estimate source eruptive values.Reconstruction techniques like Pyle, Power law and Weibull are adopted asstandard to quantify the erupted mass (or volume) whereas Voronoi forreconstructing the granulometry. Reconstructed values can be affected by largeuncertainty due to complexities occurring within the atmospheric dispersion anddeposition of volcanic particles. Here we want to quantify the sensitivity ofreconstruction techniques, and to quantify how much estimated values of massand grain size differ from emitted and deposited ones. We adopted a numericalapproach simulating with a dispersal code a mild explosive event occurring atMt. Etna, with eruptive parameters similar to those estimated for eruptionsoccurred in the last decade. Then we created a synthetic deposit by integratingthe mass on the ground computed by the model over the computational domain(>50000 km2). Multiple samplings of the simulated deposit are used forgenerating a large dataset of sampling tests afterwards processed with standardreconstruction techniques. Results are then compared and evaluated through astatistical analysis, based on 2000 sampling tests of 100 samplings points. Onaverage, all the used techniques underestimate deposited and emitted mass. Asimilar analysis, carried on Voronoi results, shows that information on thetotal grain size distribution is strongly deteriorated. Here we present a newmethod allowing an estimate of the deficiency in deposited mass for eachsimulated class. Finally a sensitivity study on eruptive parameters ispresented in order to generalize our results to a wider range of eruptiveconditions.

Reconstructing eruptive source parameters from tephra deposit: a numerical approach for medium-sized explosive eruptions