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Interfaces and low dimensionality are sources of strong modifications ofelectronic, structural, and magnetic properties of materials. FeRh alloys arean excellent example because of the first-order phase transition taking placeat $\sim$400 K from an antiferromagnetic phase at room temperature to a hightemperature ferromagnetic one. It is accompanied by a resistance change andvolume expansion of about 1\%. We have investigated the electronic and magneticproperties of FeRh(100) epitaxially grown on MgO by combining spectroscopiescharacterized by different probing depths, namely X-ray magnetic circulardichroism and photoelectron spectroscopy. We thus reveal that the symmetrybreaking induced at the Rh-terminated surface stabilizes a surfaceferromagnetic layer involving five planes of Fe and Rh atoms in the nominallyantiferromagnetic phase at room temperature. First-principles calculationsprovide a microscopic description of the structural relaxation and the electronspin-density distribution that fully support the experimental findings.

Stable room-temperature ferromagnetic phase at the FeRh(100) surface