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Intrinsic aberrations are those which occur due to the finite length of thedesired field configuration. They are often loosely ascribed to the fringingfield. This is misleading as it implies that the effects can be minimized byshaping the fields. In fact, there is an irreducible component related to thebroken symmetry. It is present even in the hard-edge limit, and moreover, theother (soft-edge) effects can be simply ascribed to the intrinsic aberrationspread over a finite length.  We rederive the aberration formulas for quadrupoles using a Hamiltonianformalism. This allows for an easy comparison of electrostatic and magneticquadrupoles. For different combinations of large and small emittances in thetwo transverse planes, it is found that in some situations electrostaticquadrupoles have lower aberrations, while in others, magnetic quadrupoles arebetter. As well, we discuss the ways in which existing transport codes handlequadrupole fringe fields. Pitfalls are pointed out and improvements proposed.

Intrinsic Third Order Aberrations in Electrostatic and Magnetic Quadrupoles