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A fundamental assumption in software security is that a memory location canonly be modified by processes that may write to this memory location. However,a recent study has shown that parasitic effects in DRAM can change the contentof a memory cell without accessing it, but by accessing other memory locationsin a high frequency. This so-called Rowhammer bug occurs in most of today'smemory modules and has fatal consequences for the security of all affectedsystems, e.g., privilege escalation attacks.  All studies and attacks related to Rowhammer so far rely on the availabilityof a cache flush instruction in order to cause accesses to DRAM modules at asufficiently high frequency. We overcome this limitation by defeating complexcache replacement policies. We show that caches can be forced into fast cacheeviction to trigger the Rowhammer bug with only regular memory accesses. Thisallows to trigger the Rowhammer bug in highly restricted and even scriptingenvironments.  We demonstrate a fully automated attack that requires nothing but a websitewith JavaScript to trigger faults on remote hardware. Thereby we can gainunrestricted access to systems of website visitors. We show that the attackworks on off-the-shelf systems. Existing countermeasures fail to protectagainst this new Rowhammer attack.

Rowhammer.js: A Remote Software-Induced Fault Attack in JavaScript