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The Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model supplementedby potentials for both pre-formed hadrons and confined baryons (called UrQMD/M)are used to describe rapidity distributions of both the E895 proton data at AGSenergies and the NA49 net proton data at SPS energies. With the help of acoalescence afterburner using only one parameter set of ($R_0$, $P_0$)=(3.8 fm,0.3 GeV$/$c), both sets of experimental data can be described fairly wellexcept for a small discrepancy seen for the net protons at mid-rapidity fromheavy ion collisions (HICs) at high SPS energies. Furthermore, in contrast tothe logarithmic dependence with beam energy at SIS energies there are stillabout 10$\%$ of protons in clusters from central HICs at the beam energy of$80$ GeV$/$nucleon.

Influence of clustering and hadron potentials on the rapidity distribution of protons from the UrQMD model