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The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first predicted by computersimulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit [Helbing D,Farkas I J, Vicsek T, Nature 407:487-490 (2000)]. FIS refers to the findingthat, under certain conditions, an excess of the individuals' vigor in theattempt to exit causes a decrease in the flow rate. In general, this effect isidentified by the appearance of a minimum when plotting the total evacuationtime of a crowd as a function of the pedestrian desired velocity. Here, weexperimentally show that the FIS effect indeed occurs in three differentsystems of discrete particles flowing through a constriction: (a) humansevacuating a room, (b) a herd of sheep entering a barn and (c) grains flowingout a 2D hopper over a vibrated incline. This finding suggests that FIS is auniversal phenomenon for active matter passing through a narrowing.

Experimental proof of Faster-is-Slower in multi-particle systems flowing through bottlenecks