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The variation of the solar diameter in time and in position angle hasimplications in astrophysics and in general relativity, as the long series ofstudies attest. The Transits of Venus in 2004 and 2012 have been carefullystudied because of the rarity of the phenomenon and its historical importancedue the AU measure and to the discovery of Venus atmosphere. Thecharacterization of Venus atmosphere and the measure of the solar diameter tothe milliarcsecond level of precision have been studied also from satelliteimages. The results of the solar diameter measurements made with theobservations in Athens (2004) and at the Huairou Solar Observing Station inChina (2012) are presented. The topic of the oblateness of the Sun at sunsetand its intrinsic value is drafted to introduce the general public to therelativistic relevance of measuring the solar figure, in the occasion of theInternational Year of Light 2015.

Transits of Venus and Solar diameter measures from ground: method and results from Athens (2004) and Huairou (2012)