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The technology of differential privacy, adding a noise drawn from the Laplacedistribution, successfully overcomes a difficulty of keeping both the privacyof individual data and the utility of the statistical result simultaneously.Therefore, it is prevalent to use a rechargeable battery as the noise forachieving differential privacy in the application of smart grid. Unfortunately,to the best of our knowledge, we observe that the existing privacy protectionmechanisms cannot satisfy differential privacy, when considering physicalrestrictions of the battery in practice. In this paper, we first classify twotypes of challenges caused by two physical restrictions, the maximumcharging/discharging rate and the capacity of battery. We then propose astateless privacy protection scheme by exploring a boundary-changeabledistribution for noise, and prove this scheme satisfies differential privacy,with regard to the first type of challenge. We further explain the difficultyto achieve differential privacy under the second type of challenge, andformalize the definition of a relaxed differential privacy. Finally, we presenta stateful privacy protection scheme that satisfies the relaxed differentialprivacy. Experimental analysis shows that the maximum privacy leakage of ourprivacy protection schemes at each time point stably outperforms that of theexisting work.

Toward Practical Differential Privacy in Smart Grid with Capacity-Limited Rechargeable Batteries