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The handover process is one of the most critical functions in a cellularnetwork, and is in charge of maintaining seamless connectivity of userequipments (UEs) across multiple cells. It is usually based on signalmeasurements from the neighboring base stations (BSs), and it is adverselyaffected by the time and frequency selectivity of the radio propagationchannel. In this paper, we introduce a new model for analyzing handoverperformance in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) as a function of vehicular uservelocity, cell size, and mobility management parameters. In order toinvestigate the impact of shadowing and fading on handover performance, weextract relevant statistics obtained from a 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)-compliant HetNet simulator, and subsequently, we integrate thesestatistics into our analytical model to analyze handover failure probabilityunder fluctuating channel conditions. Computer simulations validate theanalytical findings, which show that fading can significantly degrade thehandover performance in HetNets with vehicular users.

Analysis of Handover Failures in Heterogeneous Networks with Fading