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It is generally thought that capillary interactions in nanoscale contactsgive rise to unwanted behaviour due to high adhesion. We show that this is notthe case for sufficiently small contacts in ambient conditions. High resolutionambient atomic force microscopy AFM requires tip-sharpness, proximity and smallforces, but the cantilever dynamics might not allow these three conditions tobe met simultaneously. Hitherto, accepted dogma is that small drive amplitudeslead to either tip trapping or L mode (attractive) imaging, where proximity isinhibited. Here we show that the hydration layer might be responsible forallowing the AFM tip to be brought stably within angstroms of the surface usinga small amplitude small set-point (SASS) mode. This phenomenon enhancesresolution and stability while dramatically reducing tip wear.

Mono-stability of sharp tips interacting with surface hydration layers