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The newly-emergent two-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) have showntheir unique electronic and optical properties, such as good thermalmanagement, high nonlinear refraction index and ultrafast relaxation time.Their narrow energy band gaps predict their optical absorption ability furtherinto the mid-infrared region and their possibility to be very broadband lightmodulators ranging from the visible to the mid-infrared region. In this paper,a mid-infrared mode-locked fluoride fiber laser with TI Bi2Te3 nano-sheets asthe saturable absorber is presented. Continuous wave lasing, Q-switched andcontinuous-wave mode-locking (CW-ML) operations of the laser are observedsequentially by increasing the pump power. The observed CW-ML pulse train has apulse repetition rate of 10.4 MHz, a pulse width of ~6 ps, and a centerwavelength of 2830 nm. The maximum achievable pulse energy is 8.6 nJ withaverage power up to 90 mW. This work forcefully demonstrates the promisingapplications of two-dimensional TIs for ultra-short laser operation andnonlinear optics in the mid-infrared region.

Mid-infrared ultra-short mode-locked fiber laser utilizing topological insulator Bi2Te3 nano-sheets as the saturable absorber