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Anomalies in (semi)leptonic $B$-meson decays present interesting patternsthat might be revealing the shape of the new physics to come. In order tounderstand the experimental data, we explore symmetry arguments that lead tothe hypothesis of minimal flavor violation. In particular, under the assumptionof negligible neutrino mass effects in charged lepton processes, the presenceof lepton universality violation without lepton flavor violation naturallyarises. This can account for a deficit of $B^+\to K^+\mu\mu$ over $B^+\toK^+ee$ decays with new physics coupled predominantly to muons and a new physicsscale of a few TeV. A prediction of this scenario is the modification ofprocesses involving the third generation. In particular, accounting for theabove ratio implies a large enhancement, by a factor $\sim10^3$ with respect tothe standard model, of all the $b\to s\tau\tau$ decay rates. Although these arestill below current experimental limits, they should be easily at reach infuture experiments at $B$-factories. Another important consequence is theprediction of sizable effects in charge-current $B$ tauonic decays which couldalso explain the enhancements that have been observed in the $B\toD^{(*)}\tau\bar \nu$ and $B^-\to\tau^-\bar \nu$ decays. For the most part, thestudy is carried out in an effective field theory framework with an underlying$SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ symmetry that emphasizes the model-independentcorrelations arising between low- and high-energy observables. For example, aconnection between $B$-decays and top physics is pointed out. To complement thediscussion, all possible (spin 0 and 1) leptoquark models are matched to thelow-energy field theory so that the effective analysis can be used to surveythese candidates for new physics. These models also serve as concrete exampleswhere the hypotheses of this work can be implemented.

Lepton universality violation and lepton flavor conservation in $B$-meson decays