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NiTi porous materials with unprecedented superelasticity and shape memorywere manufactured by self-entangling, compacting and heat treating NiTi wires.The versatile processing route used here allows to produce entanglements ofeither superelastic or ferroelastic wires with tunable mesostructures. Threedimensional (3D) X-ray microtomography shows that the entanglementmesostructure is homogeneous and isotropic. The thermomechanical compressivebehavior of the entanglements was studied using optical measurements of thelocal strain field. At all relative densities investigated here ($\sim$ 25 -40$\%$), entanglements with superelastic wires exhibit remarkable macroscalesuperelasticity, even after compressions up to 25$\%$, large damping capacity,discrete memory effect and weak strain-rate and temperature dependencies.Entanglements with ferroelastic wires resemble standard elastoplastic fibroussystems with pronounced residual strain after unloading. However, a fullrecovery is obtained by heating the samples, demonstrating a large shape memoryeffect at least up to 16% strain.

Entangled single-wire NiTi material: a porous metal with tunable superelastic and shape memory properties