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Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) have recently been identified inextremely diluted electron systems obtained by doping semiconductor quantumdots. Here we investigate the role that different surface effects, namelyelectronic spill-out and diffuse surface scattering, play in the opticalproperties of these ultra-low electron density nanosystems. Diffuse scatteringoriginates from imperfections or roughness at a microscopic scale on thesurface. Using an electromagnetic theory that describes this mechanism inconjunction with a dielectric function including the quantum size effect, wefind that the LSPRs show an oscillatory behavior both in position and width forlarge particles and a strong blueshift in energy and an increased width forsmaller radii, consistent with recent experimental results for photodoped ZnOnanocrystals. We thus show that the commonly ignored process of diffuse surfacescattering is a more important mechanism affecting the plasmonic properties ofultra-low electron density nanoparticles than the spill-out effect.

Diffuse Surface Scattering in the Plasmonic Resonances of Ultra-Low Electron Density Nanospheres