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Investigating network covert channels in smartphones has become increasinglyimportant as smartphones have recently replaced the role of traditionalcomputers. Smartphones are subject to traditional computer network covertchannel techniques. Smartphones also introduce new sets of covert channeltechniques as they add more capabilities and multiple network connections. Thiswork presents a new network covert channel in smartphones. The research studiesthe ability to leak information from the smartphones applications by reachingthe cellular voice stream, and it examines the ability to employ the cellularvoice channel to be a potential medium of information leakage through carryingmodulated speech-like data covertly. To validate the theory, an Androidsoftware audio modem has been developed and it was able to leak datasuccessfully through the cellular voice channel stream by carrying modulateddata with a throughput of 13 bps with 0.018% BER. Moreover, Android securitypolicies are investigated and broken in order to implement a user-mode rootkitthat opens the voice channels by stealthily answering an incoming voice call.Multiple scenarios are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposedcovert channel. This study identifies a new potential smartphone covertchannel, and discusses some security vulnerabilities in Android OS that allowthe use of this channel demonstrating the need to set countermeasures againstthis kind of breach.

A New Covert Channel over Cellular Voice Channel in Smartphones