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Cold molecules are important for many applications, from fundamentalprecision measurements, quantum information processing, quantum-controlledchemistry, to understanding the cold interstellar medium. Molecular ions areknown to be cooled efficiently in sympathetic collisions with cold atoms orions. However, little knowledge is available on the elementary cooling steps,because the determination of quantum state-to-state collision rates at lowtemperature is prohibitively challenging for both experiment and theory. Herewe present a method to manipulate molecular quantum states by non-resonantphotodetachment. Based on this we provide absolute quantum scattering ratecoefficients under full quantum state control for the rotationally inelasticcollision of hydroxyl anions with helium. Experiment and quantum scatteringtheory show excellent agreement without adjustable parameters. Very similarrate coefficients are obtained for two different isotopes, which is linked toseveral quantum scattering resonances appearing at different energies. Thepresented method is also applicable to polyatomic systems and will help shedlight on non-radiative processes in polyaromatic hydrocarbons and proteinchromophores.

Rotational state-changing cold collisions of hydroxyl ions with helium